Development of Scratch-Based Card Media to Improve Student Learning Outcomes on Ecosystem Material in Elementary Schools

Abstract

Students often feel bored and unenthusiastic during science classes; limited facilities, insufficient infrastructure, and a lack of teacher creativity in utilizing instructional media are the primary causes of this problem. The purpose of this study is to produce and test the effectiveness of scratch-based card media on ecosystem material for grade III elementary school to optimize student learning scores. This study employs a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model. This study has subjects consisting of 30 grade III students of Bapangan State Elementary School. Interviews, validation questionnaires from material experts and media experts, teacher and student responses, and pretests and posttests are the data collection techniques used. The material validity test produced a value of 93.3% and for the media validity test reached 84% and 100%, both data are included in the "very feasible" category. For student and teacher responses produced 92.5%, this includes the "very practical" criteria in learning activities, especially regarding ecosystem topics. The normality test for pretest and posttest data produced values ​​of 0.211 and 0.090 so that the data is normally distributed. The Paired Sample T-Test showed a result of <0.001, indicating a significant improvement in learning outcomes between the pretest and posttest results. The N-Gain test was the final test, with an average of 52, which is considered moderate. Based on these results, it can be concluded that scratch-based card media for ecosystems material in third grade elementary school is very effective in helping students optimize learning outcomes.