Performance Analysis of Signalized Intersections (Case Study: Jalan Kragan – Jalan Veteran Gresik)

The signalized intersection of Jalan Kragan-Jalan Veteran Gresik is the gateway to and from Gresik Regency and Surabaya City, so there are often traffic jams or delays at this signalized intersection and accidents. The evaluation of the performance of the signalized intersection of Jalan Kragan-Jalan Veteran Gresik shows that the signalized intersection Jalan Kragan-Jalan Veteran is experiencing saturation obtained from the 1994 MKJI signalized intersection performance analysis method. According to the Ministry of Transportation regulation No. 96 of 2015, the signalized intersection of Kragan Street – Veteran Street is included in the category D level in signaled crossing services.


Introduction
Problems in the transportation sector are caused by the growth of transportation facilities which is much faster than the growth of transportation infrastructure, causing traffic congestion (Febri Suryaningsih & Kurniati, 2020).Significant disruption to traffic flow due to practical arrangements such as traffic lights or signs is not available, resulting in congestion due to irregular traffic, especially at intersections.Intersections are nodes in the road network where road segments meet and vehicle tracks intersect, which causes high traffic volume (Listiana & Sudibyo, 2019).Intersections also have a critical position in managing traffic flow.Not optimal and practically the performance of the intersection will cause problems.Gresik Regency, one of the largest industrial areas in East Java Province, is prone to traffic jams because class II and above vehicles pass it.If this condition is not supported by improved road infrastructure performance, it will cause severe traffic density problems.Due to the increasing number of motorized vehicles and the growing mobility of class II vehicles, queues and traffic jams often occur at crossroads in Gresik Regency, disrupting residents' activities.
Kragan Road Junction -Jalan Veterans is one example.The intersection is one of the gates for traffic flow to and from Gresik Regency and Surabaya City.Increased congestion on Jalan Kragan caused by increased mobility of class II vehicles and above, lack of cycle time at signalized intersections, presence of crossings, U-turns before signalized intersections, and entry and exit of vehicles at the Nippon paint factory on Kragan roads, which can disrupt residents' activities.The congestion usually occurs during peak hours in the morning and evening.So that Gresik Regency has traffic problems that arise due to the rapid growth of industrial areas in Gresik Regency, resulting in a rapid increase in traffic and can cause vehicle conflicts that pass through the intersection of Jalan Kragan -Jalan Veteran where the road is a 4/2D road.Therefore, this research was conducted to take remedial steps to increase the capacity and level of road service (LoS).

Materials and Method
The initial stage of this research was to collect secondary data from related agencies in the form of data on vehicle growth, city population, and land use.Field observations were carried out in the primary data collection.Field observations were intended to obtain actual survey data according to what was seen at the location.The survey, so there are no errors in the evaluation (Pratama & Isradi, 2020).Field observations to obtain data on side barriers, road geometry, signal times, and daily traffic volume with the classification of types of light vehicles (LV), heavy vehicles (HV), and motorcycles (MC) (Barhmaiah et al., 2020).After the secondary and primary data are obtained, data processing is carried out.
Data processing here is to process raw data from field observations to become valid data in the research process (Widyawan & Rukman, 2019).Then perform a performance analysis calculation of signalized intersections using these data.The stages carried out in this study can be seen in the following flowchart show in Figure 1.

Results and Discussion
Calculation of Survey Data 1.Field observation results shows on Table 1.
Field data on traffic flow was obtained from field surveys on Mondays, Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays, with the peak hours for the intersection of Jalan Kragan -Jalan Veteran at 08.00-10.00WIB, with data on traffic flow during peak hours in each approach as follows Table 2.
Table 3 shows field data regarding the signal time was obtained from a field survey at the intersection of Jalan Kragan-Jalan Veteran, with the following signal time data for each approach.

Saturated Current
The saturation current is calculated after knowing the primary saturation current, which determines the correction factor to obtain the saturation current value.Determination of the correction factor itself is as follows (Directorate General Bina Marga, 1997): a. City size correction factor The correction factor for city size is determined based on the number of residents in the city.In Gresik Regency, based on data from the Central Bureau of Statistics for Gresik Regency, 1311215 people were found.In MKJI 1997, the population was in the 1.0-3.0 million category with a correction factor 1.00.b.Side drag correction factor The area around the intersection consists of commercial, residential, and restricted regions.At the junction of Jalan Kragan-Jalan Veteran itself is a commercial area marked by stalls around the area.With side barriers in the form of vehicles parked on the Side of the road, public transport that picks up and drops off passengers, and pedestrians crossing the street.However, the side friction at the Kragan-Veteran Road intersection is still low, with a correction factor value of 0.95.c.Gradient correction factor Several approaches have different slopes at the intersection of Jalan Kragan and Jalan Veteran.On the western system, the rudder is 2.5, with a correction factor of 0.975.d.Parking correction factor Parker's correction factor for each approach, according to MKJI 1997, is 1.00.e.Right turn correction factor The correct turn correction factor for each approach is 1.09 for the east path, 1.05 for the west approach, 1.02 for the north approach, and 1.04 for the south approach.

Degree of Saturation
The calculation of the degree of saturation of each approach at the intersection of Jalan Kragan-Jalan Veteran is as follows.Table 5 show based on the calculation results above, it is found that the North, West, and East approaches are saturated because DS > 0.75, while the South approach is unsaturated with a DS value of 0.37.

Performance Level
The calculation of the performance level at the Kragan-Veteran Street signalized intersection is as follows: a. Queue Length In calculating the queue length, it consists of NQ1 and NQ2 to get the value of NQmax to continue calculating QL.The results for calculating the queue length can be seen in the following table 6: b.Vehicle Stopped The calculation of stopped vehicles consists of the total stopping value for all intersections and the number of controlled vehicles (Arsyad & Septiana, 2021).The results of the analysis of stopped vehicles can be seen in the following table 7: c.Delay The delay calculation consists of average traffic delay, average geometric delay, average intersection delay, and total delay (Bangkit Prakoso et al., 2019).The results of the analysis of stopped vehicles can be seen in the following table 8:

Conclusion
Based on calculations using MKJI 1994, it is known that signaled intersections experience saturation, and based on the 2015 Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 96.It is included in the level D category of signaled intersection services with an average delay of an average of 35.91 sec/smp.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Laying chicken business experience

Table 2 .
Traffic flow during rush hour

Table 3 .
Signal times